
|
Uncertainty Levels |
|
|
Incremental |
Radical |
|
Technical |
Low |
High |
|
Market |
Low |
High |
|
Organizational |
Low |
High |
|
Resources |
Low |
High |
|
|
|
Incremental
versus Radical Innovation1 |
|
|
Incremental |
Radical |
|
Emphasis |
Cost or feature
improvements in existing products, services, or processes |
Development of new
businesses, products and/or processes that transform the economies of a
business |
|
Technology |
Exploitation of
existing technology |
Exploration of new
technology |
|
Prototyping |
Ironing out wrinkles near the
end of the design phase |
Teaching the market about the
new technology and learning from the markets how valuable that
technology is in that application arena |
|
Trajectory |
Linear and
continuous |
Sporadic and
discontinuous |
|
Business Case |
Detailed plan can
be developed at the beginning of the process |
Business model and
plan evolves through discovery-based learning |
|
Idea Generation &
Opportunity Recognition |
Occur at the front
end; critical events are largely anticipated |
Occur sporadically
throughout the life cycle, often in response to discontinuities in the
project trajectory |
|
Key Players |
Formal
cross-functional teams |
Cross-functional
individuals, informal networks |
|
Process |
Formal,
phase-gate model |
Informal,
flexible model at early
stages due to high uncertainties → formal at later stages after
uncertainties have been reduced |
|
Organizational Structures |
Cross-functional project team operates
within a business unit |
Project starts in R&D → migrates into an
incubating organization → transitions into a goal-driven project
organization |
|
Resources and competencies |
Standard resource allocation; the team has
all competencies required to complete the process |
Creative acquisition of competencies and
resources from a variety of internal and external sources |
|
Operating Unit Involvement |
Formal involvement from the very beginning |
Informal at early stages → formal at later
stages |
|
Competitive Strategies
Two Different Patterns
"Because much of the innovation
taking place today is incremental, so is its impact on
growth.
Little
ventured, little gained. Other firms, after years of incremental
innovation, suddenly throw millions or even billions of dollars at ideas
that are poorly conceived, poorly timed, and poorly executed, only to have
near-catastrophic consequences."5
There is practical value in understanding the
patterns in and the differences between evolutionary
incremental innovation
projects and revolutionary radical innovation projects. This understanding
can help you apply right management practices to different types of
innovation projects and make the course of radical innovation shorter, less
sporadic, less expensive, and less uncertain.
High level of uncertainty is a hallmark a
radical innovation projects, especially at early stages. The criteria used
to evaluate a radical idea and concept should differ from those applied to
evaluating incremental innovations. Viewing radical ideas - associated with
high uncertainties - from the perspective of the mainstream business and
applying traditional evaluation methods and criteria to them is
inappropriate and counterproductive.
Either these methods give a false sense
of security, or they lead to premature rejection of good ideas. "It is
easier to say "no" or to require more detailed information than to defend a
decision to invest resources in the absence of "hard data."1
Down the road, uncertainties influence the
course of radical project development that requires flexibility and creativity in resource
and competency acquisition, while incremental projects follow more formal
and predictable route.
The Art of Innovation: 9 Truths
By: Guy Kawasaki
-
Jump to the next curve.
Too many companies duke it out on the
same curve. If they were daisy wheel printer companies, they think
innovation means adding Helvetica in 24 points. Instead, they should
invent laser printing. True innovation happens when a company jumps to
the next curve – or better still, invents the next curve, so set your
goals high...
More
Innovation
Project Management: Two Approaches
Incremental innovation projects, due to
low levels of uncertainties, are usually follow the orderly process:
-
A potential marketable improvement to an
existing product/service/process is quickly placed within a clearly
defined, time-tested process designed to prove or disprove its value to
the company
-
The process has organizational sponsorship,
funding, and the assignment of a development team
-
Development and commercialization are directed
along a formal phase-gate process
Radical innovation projects, due to high
levels of uncertainties, cannot be described by this orderly process. "Even
though the radical innovation life cycle includes many of the same sets of
activities and decision points, the reality of managing the process is
strikingly different for radical versus incremental innovation."1
General characteristics of the radical
innovation life cycle:
-
long-term, highly uncertain and unpredictable
-
sporadic - starts and stops, dead ends and
revivals
-
nonlinear - detours, recycling back through
activities in response to discontinuities and setbacks
-
stochastic - waxing and waning of interest and
funding, key players come and go, priorities change
-
context dependent -
corporate culture,
history, personalities, informal relations, and experience all create a mix of
accelerating and retarding factors.1

Strategic
Innovation
Strategic Innovation is the creation of
growth
strategies, new product categories, services or
business models that change
the game and generate significant
new value for customers and the
corporation...
More
Case in Point
General Electric (GE)
"Shun the incremental, and look for the quantum leap," taught
Jack Welch, the former legendary CEO of GE, other leaders at the
company. Live productivity and quality, but also make surprise moves - shock your
rivals. Shake things up while other look on from the sidelines, sitting
idly by while you knock your competitors for a loop. The three critical
ingredients of the quantum leap are surprise, boldness, and shock...More
Using an Innovation Portfolio
The innovation portfolio provides
visibility that allows your firm pace the introduction of new products and
services. You should balance the introduction of revolutionary products with
incremental improvements in others so as to maintain a steady flow. By
having a comprehensive view of your initiatives over time, you can avoid
either overwhelming or underwhelming the marketplace.
Market Leadership Strategies
The market leader
is dominant in its industry and has substantial market share. If you want to
lead the market, you must be the industry leader in developing new business
models and new products or services. You must be on the cutting edge of new
technologies and innovative business processes. Your customer value proposition
must offer a superior solution to a customers' problem, and your product must be
well differentiated ...
More
Lessons from Silicon Valley Firms
Deciding If Your Innovation Portfolio Has Enough
Stretch
Adapted from
Relentless Growth, Christopher Meyer
-
Balance between revolutionary and
evolutionary initiatives. First, Silicon Valley companies assess the
overall balance between
revolutionary and evolutionary projects. The ultimate arbitrator of
portfolio stretch if the innovation leaders’ judgment, experience,
intuition, and luck...
More
10 Ways To Murder Creativity
-
Ask for a 200-page
document to justify every new idea...
More

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