❶ New product, service or facility development
– produce something new in the organization.

→ New Product Development: 10 Best Practices

❷ Internal
– involve infrastructure development, reengineering an organization, and other → improvement that is internal to the organization.

→ 9 Signs of a Losing Organization

❸ External
– involve new product/service development as an external venture, geographical expansion (e.g. developing strategic alliances, joint ventures, networks), or organizing of large events

❹ Client engagement
– are conducted for an external client or customer.